Bibliographie de l’introduction et de la partie 1 (Etat des lieux)
Bibliographie de la partie 3 (Le viol, une histoire de pouvoir et de domination)
Bibliographie de la partie 4 (De l’hétérosexualité « normale » au viol)
Bibliographie de la partie 5 (Mettre fin à la culture du viol)
Plan de la bibliographie de la partie 2
- Le constat de l’impunité
- Taux d’attrition concernant le viol
- Impunité sociale, loi du silence, emprise
- Mythes et stéréotypes sur le viol
- Sur le concept de « mythes sur le viol »
- Prévalence des mythes sur le viol en France
- Prévalence des mythes sur le viol dans d’autres pays
- Prévalence des mythes sur le viol dans les médias (romans, films, livres, médias d’informations…)
- Conceptualisation du stéréotype du « vrai viol » et de la « vraie victime »
- Mythes entourant les viols d’hommes et d’enfants
- Mise en évidence d’un « discours néo-libéral » niant les rapports de pouvoir et incitant à blâmer les victimes
- Déconstruction du mythe de la « vraie victime »
- Syndrome de Stress Post-Traumatique
- Oubli après des violences sexuelles
- Facteurs faisant qu’une victime peur rester vivre chez son agresseur
- Drogues et alcool
- Stéréotypes du « vrai viol » et plaintes mensongères
- Caractéristiques de l’agression et/ou de la victime et parcours judiciaires
- Effets des mythes sur le viol sur la perception des violences sexuelles et les comportements
- Blâme des victimes
- Adhésion aux mythes sur le viol chez la victime et effets sur son comportement
- Effets du comportement de l’entourage de la victime sur sa décision de porter plainte
- Adhésion aux mythes sur le viol chez les personnes de l’entourage et effets sur leur comportement vis-à-vis de la victime
- Adhésion aux mythes sur le viol dans chez les agents de la chaîne judiciaire (policiers et policières, magistrat-e-s, etc.) et effets sur leurs prises de décision et comportements
- Adhésion aux mythes sur le viol chez les juré∙e∙s et effets sur leur décision de condamner ou non 9
- Les conséquences de l’impunité
- Des victimes qui se rétablissent moins bien
- Le parcours judiciaire : une seconde victimisation ?
- L’effet de l’impunité sur les violeurs
- Le viol est-il interdit ou régulé ?
Le constat de l’impunité
Taux d’attrition concernant le viol
Proportion de victimes qui portent plainte en France
Guedj H. Rapport d’enquête « Cadre de Vie et Sécurité » 2016, INSEE, ONDRP; 2016.
Jaspard M., L’équipe Enveff Nommer et compter les violences envers les femmes : une première enquête nationale en France. Population et Sociétés 2001;(364).
Vanier C. Les interlocuteurs des victimes de viol. La Note de l’ONDR 2017;(11).
Chiffres sur le devenir des plaintes pour viol en France
Iff S., Brachet M-C. Viols et agressions sexuelles : le devenir des plaintes. Actualité et Dossier En Santé Publique 2000;31:48–51.
Le Goaziou V. Les viols dans la chaîne pénale, Observatoire Régional de la Délinquance et des Contextes Sociaux; 2016.
Dossier : Le traitement pénal des viols. AJ Pénal, 2017;(6).
Lovett J., Kelly L. Different systems, similar outcomes? Tracking attrition in reported rape cases in eleven countries, Child and Women Abuse Studies Unit; 2009.
Données gouvernementales sur le nombre de plaintes et le nombre de condamnations, permettant d’estimer la proportion de plaintes pour viols aboutissants à une condamnation devant les Assises (10%) :
Les crimes et délits enregistrés par la police nationale – 2013. Data.gouv.fr. Available from: https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/les-crimes-et-delits-enregistres-par-la-police-nationa-0/ [accessed February 4, 2017].
Les crimes et délits enregistrés par la gendarmerie nationale – 2013. Data.gouv.fr. Available from: https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/les-crimes-et-delits-enregistres-par-la-gendarmerie-nationale/ [accessed February 4, 2017].
Les condamnations. Ministère de La Justice. Available from: http://www.justice.gouv.fr/budget-et-statistiques-10054/donnees-statistiques-10302/les-condamnations-27130.html [accessed February 4, 2017].
Le taux de correctionnalisation peut s’estimer (de manière grossière) en prenant la proportion de plainte aboutissant à une condamnation (20-25% selon Iff & Brachet 2000 et Lovett 2009) et en la comparant au taux de condamnation aux Assises (10%). On trouve qu’environ 50% des viols sont correctionnalisés. On retrouve un taux identique dans l’étude de Iff & Brachet 2000 (qui ne concerne que le Val de Marne) et dans les chiffres récoltées par le Collectif Féministe Contre le Viol en 2006 (Bulletin 2008. Statistiques 2006-2008, Collectif Féministe Contre le Viol; 2008.). L’association affirmait néanmoins dans un communiqué datant de 2016 que 80% des affaires de viols étaient concernées par la correctionnalisation.
Sur la correctionnalisation, plus particulièrement, je recommande ces deux ressources :
La correctionnalisation du viol, la négation d’un crime
Quand le viol n’est plus un crime
Proportion de victimes qui portent plainte dans d’autres pays
Daly K., Bouhours B. Rape and Attrition in the Legal Process: A Comparative Analysis of Five Countries. Crime and Justice 2010;39(1):565–650. Doi: 10.1086/653101.
Hohl K., Stanko EA. Complaints of rape and the criminal justice system: Fresh evidence on the attrition problem in England and Wales. European Journal of Criminology 2015;12(3):324–41. Doi: 10.1177/1477370815571949.
Chiffres sur le devenir des plaintes pour viol dans d’autres pays
Lovett J., Kelly L. Different systems, similar outcomes? Tracking attrition in reported rape cases in eleven countries, Child and Women Abuse Studies Unit; 2009.
Daly K., Bouhours B. Rape and Attrition in the Legal Process: A Comparative Analysis of Five Countries. Crime and Justice 2010;39(1):565–650. Doi: 10.1086/653101.
Triggs S., Mossman E., Jordan J., Kingi V. Responding to sexual violence: attrition in the New Zealand justice system, Ministry for Women; 2009.
Kelly L., Lovett J., Regan L. A gap or a Chasm?: Attrition in Reported Rape Cases, Home Office Research Studies; 2005.
Hester M. From Report to Court: Rape and the Criminal Justice System in the North East, Bristol: University of Bristol in association with the Northern Rock Foundation; 2013.
Impunité sociale, loi du silence, emprise
Proportion de victimes de violences sexuelles en ayant parlé
Bajos N., Bozon M. Les agressions sexuelles en France : résignation, réprobation, révolte. Enquête sur la sexualité en France: pratiques, genre et santé, Paris: La Découverte; 2008.
Proportion de victimes de viol qui ne qualifient pas le viol qu’elles ont subi de viol
Wilson, L. C., & Miller, K. E. (2016). Meta-analysis of the prevalence of unacknowledged rape. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 17(2), 149-159.
Conséquences de la révélation de l’inceste
Roesler TA., Wind TW. Telling the Secret: Adult Women Describe Their Disclosures of Incest. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 1994;9(3):327–38. Doi: 10.1177/088626094009003003.
Dussy D. Le berceau des dominations. Anthropologie de l’inceste, livre 1, Marseille (39 rue Léon-Bourgeois, 13001): La Discussion; 2013.
Dussy D. Inceste : La contagion épidémique du silence. as 2009;33(1):123–39. Doi: 10.7202/037816ar.
Dussy D. Père et fille à l’épreuve d’un procès pour inceste. Cahiers internationaux de sociologie 2008;(124):161–71.
Tactique mise en place par les incesteurs pour maintenir l’emprise de l’entourage
Dussy D. Le système inceste. Le berceau des dominations. Anthropologie de l’inceste, livre 1, Editions La Discussion; 2013.
En complément (je n’en parle pas dans le livre) : viols sur les campus : un moyen de renforcer le lien entre hommes
Les travaux menés sur les campus américains, documentant en particulier les violences sexuelles commises lors des soirées étudiantes, montrent que le viol y est non seulement toléré, mais parfois même encouragé, car il permet de renforcer le lien entre hommes :
Sanday PR. Rape-prone versus rape-free campus cultures. Violence Against Women 1996;2(2):191–208. Doi: 10.1177/1077801296002002006.
Stombler M. “Buddies” or “Slutties”: The Collective Sexual Reputation of Fraternity Little Sisters. Gender and Society 1994;8(3):297–323.
Armstrong EA., Hamilton L., Sweeney B. Sexual Assault on Campus: A Multilevel, Integrative Approach to Party Rape. Soc Probl 2006;53(4):483–99. Doi: 10.1525/sp.2006.53.4.483.
Mythes et stéréotypes sur le viol
Sur le concept de « mythes sur le viol »
Brownmiller S. Against Our Will: Men, Women and Rape, 1975.
Burt MR. Cultural myths and supports for rape. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1980;38(2):217–30. Doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.38.2.217.
Lonsway KA., Fitzgerald LF. Rape Myths: In Review. Psychology of Women Quarterly 1994;18(2):133–64. Doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.1994.tb00448.x.
Edwards KM., Turchik JA., Dardis CM., Reynolds N., Gidycz CA. Rape Myths: History, Individual and Institutional-Level Presence, and Implications for Change. Sex Roles 2011;65(11–12):761–73. Doi: 10.1007/s11199-011-9943-2.
Prévalence des mythes sur le viol en France
Comission européenne Special Eurobarometer 449: Gender-based violence, TNS opinion & social; 2016.
Mémoire traumatique et victimologie Les Français-e-s et les représentations sur le viol et les violences sexuelles, IPSOS; 2016.
Prévalence des mythes sur le viol dans d’autres pays
Edwards KM., Turchik JA., Dardis CM., Reynolds N., Gidycz CA. Rape Myths: History, Individual and Institutional-Level Presence, and Implications for Change. Sex Roles 2011;65(11–12):761–73. Doi: 10.1007/s11199-011-9943-2.
Buddie AM., Miller AG. Beyond Rape Myths: A More Complex View of Perceptions of Rape Victims. Sex Roles 2001;45(3–4):139–60. Doi: 10.1023/A:1013575209803.
Prévalence des mythes sur le viol dans les médias (romans, films, livres, médias d’informations…)
Franiuk R., Seefelt JL., Cepress SL., Vandello JA. Prevalence and Effects of Rape Myths in Print Journalism: The Kobe Bryant Case. Violence Against Women 2008;14(3):287–309. Doi: 10.1177/1077801207313971.
Franiuk R., Seefelt JL., Vandello JA. Prevalence of Rape Myths in Headlines and Their Effects on Attitudes Toward Rape. Sex Roles 2008;58(11–12):790–801. Doi: 10.1007/s11199-007-9372-4.
Korn A., Efrat S. The Coverage of Rape in the Israeli Popular Press. Violence Against Women 2004;10(9):1056–74. Doi: 10.1177/1077801204267378.
Gregoriou C., O’Hara S. Monsters, playboys, virgins and whores: Rape myths in the news media’s coverage of sexual violence. Language and Literature 2012;21(3):247–59. Doi: 10.1177/0963947012444217.
Kitzinger J. Rape in the media. Rape: Challenging Contemporary Thinking, Taylor & Francis; 2009.
Brinson SL. The use and opposition of rape myths in prime-time television dramas. Sex Roles 1992;27(7–8):359–75. Doi: 10.1007/BF00289945.
Garland TS., Branch KA., Grimes M. Blurring the Lines: Reinforcing Rape Myths in Comic Books. Feminist Criminology 2016;11(1):48–68. Doi: 10.1177/1557085115576386.
- Sacks, A. R. Ackerman, et A. Shlosberg, « Rape myths in the media : a content analysis of local newspaper reporting in the United States », Deviant Behavior, décembre 2017.
Conceptualisation du stéréotype du « vrai viol » et de la « vraie victime »
Du Mont J., Miller K-L., Myhr TL. The Role of “Real Rape” and “Real Victim” Stereotypes in the Police Reporting Practices of Sexually Assaulted Women. Violence Against Women 2003;9(4):466–86. Doi: 10.1177/1077801202250960.
Jordan J. “Have you really been raped?” Criminal Justice System Responses. The Word of a Woman?: Police, Rape and Belief, Springer; 2004.
Mythes entourant les viols d’hommes et d’enfants
Turchik JA., Edwards KM. Myths about male rape: A literature review. Psychology of Men & Masculinity 2012;13(2):211–26. Doi: 10.1037/a0023207.
Bumby KM. Assessing the cognitive distortions of child molesters and rapists: Development and validation of the MOLEST and RAPE scales. Sex Abuse 1996;8(1):37–54. Doi: 10.1007/BF02258015.
Mise en évidence d’un « discours néo-libéral » niant les rapports de pouvoir et incitant à blâmer les victimes
Bay-Cheng LY., Eliseo-Arras RK. The Making of Unwanted Sex: Gendered and Neoliberal Norms in College Women’s Unwanted Sexual Experiences. The Journal of Sex Research 2008;45(4):386–97. Doi: 10.1080/00224490802398381.
Déconstruction du mythe de la « vraie victime »
Syndrome de Stress Post-Traumatique
La prévalence du SSPT chez les victimes de viol est d’environ 94% selon :
Rothbaum BO., Foa EB., Riggs DS., Murdock T., Walsh W. A prospective examination of post-traumatic stress disorder in rape victims. J Trauma Stress 1992;5(3):455–75. Doi: 10.1007/BF00977239.
Or le SSPT peut causer un émoussement des émotions selon :
American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5®), American Psychiatric Pub; 2013.
Oubli après des violences sexuelles
Gordon HM., Connolly DA. Failing to report details of an event: A review of the directed forgetting procedure and applications to reports of childhood sexual abuse. Memory 2010;18(2):115–28. Doi: 10.1080/09658210903130772.
London K., Bruck M., Ceci SJ., Shuman DW. Disclosure of Child Sexual Abuse: What Does the Research Tell Us About the Ways That Children Tell? Psychology, Public Policy, and Law 2005;11(1):194–226. Doi: 10.1037/1076-8971.11.1.194.
Geraerts E., Lindsay DS., Merckelbach H., Jelicic M., Raymaekers L., Arnold MM., et al. Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying Recovered-Memory Experiences of Childhood Sexual Abuse. Psychological Science 2009;20(1):92–8. Doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02247.x.
Facteurs faisant qu’une victime peur rester vivre chez son agresseur
Barnett OW. Why Battered Women Do Not Leave, Part 1: External Inhibiting Factors Within Society. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 2000;1(4):343–72. Doi: 10.1177/1524838000001004003.
Barnett OW. Why Battered Women Do Not Leave, Part 2: External Inhibiting Factors—Social Support and Internal Inhibiting Factors. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 2001;2(1):3–35. Doi: 10.1177/1524838001002001001.
Koepsell JK., Kernic MA., Holt VL. Factors That Influence Battered Women to Leave Their Abusive Relationships. Violence and Victims 2006;21(2):131–47. Doi: 10.1891/vivi.21.2.131.
Drogues et alcool
Tandis que la « vraie victime » n’était pas ivre ou sous l’effet de drogues au moment du viol, l’alcool et la drogue sont très fréquemment utilisés comme de véritables armes par les agresseurs sexuels. (cf. bibliographie de la partie 1). Près de la moitié des victimes de viol ont déclaré avoir subi au moins un viol où elles étaient ivres ou intoxiquées par des drogues :
Breiding MJ. Prevalence and Characteristics of Sexual Violence, Stalking, and Intimate Partner Violence Victimization—National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, United States, 2011. MMWR Surveill Summ 2014;63(8):1–18.
Stéréotypes du « vrai viol » et plaintes mensongères
Les rares plaintes mensongères pour viol reprennent généralement les éléments sur stéréotype du « vrai viol » : un inconnu, une arme, etc.
Kelly L. The (In)credible Words of Women: False Allegations in European Rape Research. Violence Against Women 2010;16(12):1345–55. Doi: 10.1177/1077801210387748.
Jordan J. True “Lies” and False “Truths”: Women, Rape and the Police. 2001.
Spohn C., White C., Tellis K. Unfounding Sexual Assault: Examining the Decision to Unfound and Identifying False Reports. Law & Soc’y Rev 2014;48(1):161–92. Doi: 10.1111/lasr.12060.
Venema RM. Making Judgments: How Blame Mediates the Influence of Rape Myth Acceptance in Police Response to Sexual Assault. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2016:0886260516662437. Doi: 10.1177/0886260516662437.
Caractéristiques de l’agression et/ou de la victime et parcours judiciaires
Ces articles traitent des caractéristiques de l’agression pouvant influencer favorablement ou défavorablement :
- Le dépôt de plainte (par la victime)
- Le retrait de la plainte (par la victime)
- Le traitement de la plainte (par la police ou les magistrat∙e∙s)
- La condamnation (par un jury)
Du Mont J., Miller K-L., Myhr TL. The Role of “Real Rape” and “Real Victim” Stereotypes in the Police Reporting Practices of Sexually Assaulted Women. Violence Against Women 2003;9(4):466–86. Doi: 10.1177/1077801202250960.
Chen Y., Ullman SE. Women’s Reporting of Sexual and Physical Assaults to Police in the National Violence Against Women Survey. Violence Against Women 2010;16(3):262–79. Doi: 10.1177/1077801209360861.
Fisher BS., Daigle LE., Cullen FT., Turner MG. Reporting Sexual Victimization To The Police And Others: Results From a National-Level Study of College Women. Criminal Justice and Behavior 2003;30(1):6–38. Doi: 10.1177/0093854802239161.
Heath NM., Lynch SM., Fritch AM., Wong MM. Rape Myth Acceptance Impacts the Reporting of Rape to the Police: A Study of Incarcerated Women. Violence Against Women 2013;19(9):1065–78. Doi: 10.1177/1077801213501841.
Wolitzky-Taylor KB., Resnick HS., McCauley JL., Amstadter AB., Kilpatrick DG., Ruggiero KJ. Is reporting of rape on the rise? A comparison of women with reported versus unreported rape experiences in the National Women’s Study-Replication. J Interpers Violence 2011;26(4):807–32. Doi: 10.1177/0886260510365869.
Wolitzky-Taylor KB., Resnick HS., Amstadter AB., McCauley JL., Ruggiero KJ., Kilpatrick DG. Reporting rape in a national sample of college women. J Am Coll Health 2011;59(7):582–7. Doi: 10.1080/07448481.2010.515634.
Bachman R. The Factors Related to Rape Reporting Behavior and Arrest: New Evidence from the National Crime Victimization Survey. Criminal Justice and Behavior 1998;25(1):8–29. Doi: 10.1177/0093854898025001002.
Bachman R. Predicting the Reporting of Rape Victimizations: Have Rape Reforms Made a Difference? Criminal Justice and Behavior 1993;20(3):254–70. Doi: 10.1177/0093854893020003003.
McGregor MJ., Wiebe E., Marion SA., Livingstone C. Why don’t more women report sexual assault to the police? CMAJ 2000;162(5):659–60.
Murphy SB., Potter SJ., Pierce-Weeks J., Stapleton JG., Wiesen-Martin D. An examination of SANE data: Clinical considerations based on victim–assailant relationship. Journal of Forensic Nursing 2011;7(3):137–44. Doi: 10.1111/j.1939-3938.2011.01110.x.
Hanson RF., Resnick HS., Saunders BE., Kilpatrick DG., Best C. Factors related to the reporting of childhood rape. Child Abuse & Neglect 1999;23(6):559–69. Doi: 10.1016/S0145-2134(99)00028-9.
Morin T., Jaluzot L., Picard S. Femmes et hommes face à la violence. Insee Première 2013;(1473).
Lea SJ., Lanvers U., Shaw S. Attrition in rape cases: developing a Profile and Identifying Relevant Factors. The British Journal of Criminology 2003;43(3):583–99.
Kelly L. The (In)credible Words of Women: False Allegations in European Rape Research. Violence Against Women 2010;16(12):1345–55. Doi: 10.1177/1077801210387748.
Page AD. Judging Women and Defining Crime: Police Officers’ Attitudes Toward Women and Rape. Sociological Spectrum 2008;28(4):389–411. Doi: 10.1080/02732170802053621.
Brown JM., Hamilton C., O’Neill D. Characteristics associated with rape attrition and the role played by scepticism or legal rationality by investigators and prosecutors. Psychology, Crime & Law 2007;13(4):355–70. Doi: 10.1080/10683160601060507.
Maddox L., Lee D., Barker C. The Impact of Psychological Consequences of Rape on Rape Case Attrition: The Police Perspective. J Police Crim Psych 2012;27(1):33–44. Doi: 10.1007/s11896-011-9092-0.
Munro VE., Kelly L. A vicious cycle? Attrition and conviction patterns in contemporary rape cases in England and Wales. Rape: Challenging Contemporary Thinking, Routledge; 2009, p. 281–300.
Spohn C., White C., Tellis K. Unfounding Sexual Assault: Examining the Decision to Unfound and Identifying False Reports. Law & Soc’y Rev 2014;48(1):161–92. Doi: 10.1111/lasr.12060.
Stanko B., Williams E. Reviewing rape and rape allegations in London: What are the vulnerabilities of the victims who report to the police. Rape: Challenging Contemporary Thinking, Routledge; 2009, p. 207–25.
Triggs S., Mossman E., Jordan J., Kingi V. Responding to sexual violence: attrition in the New Zealand justice system, Ministry for Women; 2009.
Kelly L., Lovett J., Regan L. A gap or a Chasm?: Attrition in Reported Rape Cases, Home Office Research Studies; 2005.
Hohl K., Stanko EA. Complaints of rape and the criminal justice system: Fresh evidence on the attrition problem in England and Wales. European Journal of Criminology 2015;12(3):324–41. Doi: 10.1177/1477370815571949.
Jordan J. “Have you really been raped?” Criminal Justice System Responses. The Word of a Woman?: Police, Rape and Belief, Springer; 2004.
Page AD. Behind the Blue Line: Investigating Police Officers’ Attitudes Toward Rape. J Police Crim Psych 2007;22(1):22–32. Doi: 10.1007/s11896-007-9002-7.
Jordan J. Beyond Belief: Police Files on Rape. The Word of a Woman?: Police, Rape and Belief. 2004 edition, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire ; New York: Palgrave Macmillan; 2004.
Campbell R., Wasco SM., Ahrens CE., Sefl T., Barnes HE. Preventing the “Second Rape”: Rape Survivors’ Experiences With Community Service Providers. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2001;16(12):1239–59. Doi: 10.1177/088626001016012002.
Ellison L., Munro VE., Hohl K., Wallang P. Challenging criminal justice? Psychosocial disability and rape victimization. Criminology & Criminal Justice 2015;15(2):225–44. Doi: 10.1177/1748895814543535.
McKimmie BM., Masser BM., Bongiorno R. What Counts as Rape? The Effect of Offense Prototypes, Victim Stereotypes, and Participant Gender on How the Complainant and Defendant are Perceived. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2014;29(12):2273–303. Doi: 10.1177/0886260513518843.
Stuart SM., McKimmie BM., Masser BM. Rape Perpetrators on Trial: The Effect of Sexual Assault–Related Schemas on Attributions of Blame. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2016:0886260516640777. Doi: 10.1177/0886260516640777.
Grunvald S. Les correctionnalisations de l’infraction de viol dans la chaîne pénale. AJ Pénal 2017;(6).
Le Goaziou V. Les viols dans la chaîne pénale, Observatoire Régional de la Délinquance et des Contextes Sociaux; 2016.
Effets des mythes sur le viol sur la perception des violences sexuelles et les comportements
Blâme des victimes
Kopper BA. Gender, gender identity, rape myth acceptance, and time of initial resistance on the perception of acquaintance rape blame and avoidability. Sex Roles 1996;34(1–2):81–93. Doi: 10.1007/BF01544797.
Adhésion aux mythes sur le viol chez la victime et effets sur son comportement
Articles traitant :
- de l’adhésion de la victime aux mythes sur le viol
- et/ou du fait qu’elle se sente responsable de l’agression
En lien avec :
- le fait qu’elle reconnaisse avoir été victime de viol
- et/ou le fait de révéler l’agression à son entourage
- et/ou de porter plainte
Heath NM., Lynch SM., Fritch AM., Wong MM. Rape Myth Acceptance Impacts the Reporting of Rape to the Police: A Study of Incarcerated Women. Violence Against Women 2013;19(9):1065–78. Doi: 10.1177/1077801213501841.
Peterson ZD., Muehlenhard CL. Was It Rape? The Function of Women’s Rape Myth Acceptance and Definitions of Sex in Labeling Their Own Experiences. Sex Roles 2004;51(3–4):129–44. Doi: 10.1023/B:SERS.0000037758.95376.00.
Littleton HL., Axsom D., Breitkopf CR., Berenson A. Rape Acknowledgment and Postassault Experiences: How Acknowledgment Status Relates to Disclosure, Coping, Worldview, and Reactions Received From Others. Violence and Victims 2006;21(6):761–78. Doi: 10.1891/0886-6708.21.6.761.
Heath NM., Lynch SM., Fritch AM., McArthur LN., Smith SL. Silent Survivors: Rape Myth Acceptance in Incarcerated Women’s Narratives of Disclosure and Reporting of Rape. Psychology of Women Quarterly 2011;35(4):596–610. Doi: 10.1177/0361684311407870.
Goodman-Brown TB., Edelstein RS., Goodman GS., Jones DPH., Gordon DS. Why children tell: a model of children’s disclosure of sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect 2003;27(5):525–40. Doi: 10.1016/S0145-2134(03)00037-1.
Effets du comportement de l’entourage de la victime sur sa décision de porter plainte
Sable MR., Danis F., Mauzy DL., Gallagher SK. Barriers to Reporting Sexual Assault for Women and Men: Perspectives of College Students. Journal of American College Health 2006;55(3):157–62. Doi: 10.3200/JACH.55.3.157-162.
Ahrens CE. Being Silenced: The Impact of Negative Social Reactions on the Disclosure of Rape. American Journal of Community Psychology 2006;38(3–4):31–4. Doi: 10.1007/s10464-006-9069-9.
Patterson D., Campbell R. Why rape survivors participate in the criminal justice system. J Community Psychol 2010;38(2):191–205. Doi: 10.1002/jcop.20359.
Adhésion aux mythes sur le viol chez les personnes de l’entourage et effets sur leur comportement vis-à-vis de la victime
Golding JM., Wilsnack SC., Cooper ML. Sexual assault history and social support: Six general population studies. J Traum Stress 2002;15(3):187–97. Doi: 10.1023/A:1015247110020.
Ullman SE., Filipas HH. Correlates of Formal and Informal Support Seeking in Sexual Assault Victims. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2001;16(10):1028–47. Doi: 10.1177/088626001016010004.
Adhésion aux mythes sur le viol dans chez les agents de la chaîne judiciaire (policiers et policières, magistrat-e-s, etc.) et effets sur leurs prises de décision et comportements
Sleath E., Bull R. Comparing Rape Victim and Perpetrator Blaming in a Police Officer Sample: Differences Between Police Officers With and Without Special Training. Criminal Justice and Behavior 2012;39(5):646–65. Doi: 10.1177/0093854811434696.
Koppelaar L., Lange A., Van De Velde J-W. The Influence of Positive and Negative Victim Credibility on the Assessment of Rape Victims; An Experimental Study of Expectancy—Confirmation Bias. International Review of Victimology 1997;5(1):61–85. Doi: 10.1177/026975809700500104.
Venema RM. Making Judgments: How Blame Mediates the Influence of Rape Myth Acceptance in Police Response to Sexual Assault. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2016:0886260516662437. Doi: 10.1177/0886260516662437.
Rich K., Seffrin P. Police Interviews of Sexual Assault Reporters: Do Attitudes Matter? Violence and Victims 2012;27(2):263–79. Doi: 10.1891/0886-6708.27.2.263.
Adhésion aux mythes sur le viol chez les juré∙e∙s et effets sur leur décision de condamner ou non
McKimmie BM., Masser BM., Bongiorno R. What Counts as Rape? The Effect of Offense Prototypes, Victim Stereotypes, and Participant Gender on How the Complainant and Defendant are Perceived. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2014;29(12):2273–303. Doi: 10.1177/0886260513518843.
Dinos S., Burrowes N., Hammond K., Cunliffe C. A systematic review of juries’ assessment of rape victims: Do rape myths impact on juror decision-making? International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice 2015;43(1):36–49. Doi: 10.1016/j.ijlcj.2014.07.001.
Les conséquences de l’impunité
Des victimes qui se rétablissent moins bien
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Ullman SE., Townsend SM., Filipas HH., Starzynski LL. Structural Models of the Relations of Assault Severity, Social Support, Avoidance Coping, Self-Blame, and Ptsd Among Sexual Assault Survivors. Psychology of Women Quarterly 2007;31(1):23–37. Doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2007.00328.x.
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Feldman-Summers S., Ashworth CD. Factors Related to Intentions to Report a Rape. Journal of Social Issues 1981;37(4):53–70. Doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1981.tb01070.x.
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Ahrens CE. Being Silenced: The Impact of Negative Social Reactions on the Disclosure of Rape. American Journal of Community Psychology 2006;38(3–4):31–4. Doi: 10.1007/s10464-006-9069-9.
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Le parcours judiciaire : une seconde victimisation ?
Mémoire Traumatique et Victimologie Impact des violences sexuelles de l’enfance à l’âge adulte, déni de protection, de reconnaissance et de prise en charge : enquête auprès des victimes, 2015.
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Filipas HH., Ullman SE. Social reactions to sexual assault victims from various support sources. Violence and Victims 2001;16(6):673–92.
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Campbell R., Wasco SM., Ahrens CE., Sefl T., Barnes HE. Preventing the “Second Rape”: Rape Survivors’ Experiences With Community Service Providers. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2001;16(12):1239–59. Doi: 10.1177/088626001016012002.
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L’effet de l’impunité sur les violeurs
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Benbouriche M. Étude expérimentale des effets de l’alcool et de l’excitation sexuelle en matière de coercition sexuelle. Université Rennes 2, 2016.
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Bohner G., Siebler F., Schmelcher J. Social Norms and the Likelihood of Raping: Perceived Rape Myth Acceptance of Others Affects Men’s Rape Proclivity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 2006;32(3):286–97. Doi: 10.1177/0146167205280912.
Le viol est-il interdit ou régulé ?
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